Powell (1998) identifies...
OR
...and the impact this has on the representation of Jesus (Powell, 1998).
Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of the book: Subtitle of the book. Publisher.
Powell, M. A. (1998). Jesus as a figure in history: how modern historians view the man from Galilee. John Knox Press.
Slade and Slade (2014) explain that..
OR
...which is important in chemistry (Slade & Slade, 2014).
Surname, Initial., & Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of the book: Subtitle of the book. Publisher.
Slade, R., & Slade, M. (2014). HSC Chemistry. Cambridge University Press.
NB: Cite the surname of the first author and then write et al. for in-text references
Bliss et al. (2016) discovered many students...
OR
...which can be seen in the rise of global warming (Bliss et al., 2016)
NB: Provide the names of all authors in the reference list, up to and including 20 authors
Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial. Surname, Initial., & Surname, Initial (Year). Title of the book: Subtitle of the book. Publisher.
Bliss, S., Reid, G., & Chaffer, L. (2016). GeoWorld NSW 7 Stage 4. MacMillan Education Australia.
NB: Cite the surname of the first author and then write et al. for in-text references
Kramer et al. (2011) discuss...
OR
...which has been shown to have a positive impact on student achievement (Kramer et al., 2011).
NB: Provide the names of the first 19 authors, insert an ellipsis […] then add the final author's name
Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial. Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial. Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial. Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., Surname, Initial., ...Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of the book: Subtitle of the book. Publisher.
Kramer, A., Huynh, T. M. T., Vandeplas, G., Joish, V. N., Mannent, L. P., Tomassen P., van Zele, T., Cardell, L.O., Arebro, J., Olze, H., Forster-Ruhrmann, U., Kowalski, M. L., Olszewska-Ziaber, A., Fokkens, W., van Drunen, C., Mullol, J., Alobid, I., Hellings, P.W., Hox, V., …Bachert, C. (2011). Collaborative teaching in the Middle School. Stellar Books.
According to Doherty, Gurr & Drysdale (2014) there is evidence...
OR
...which leads to greater concern (Doherty, Gurr & Drysdale, 2014)
Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of chapter. In Surname, Initial. (Ed.), Title of the book (pp. page numbers of chapter). Publisher.
Doherty, J., Gurr, D., & Drysdale, L. (2014). Australia - the multicultural microcosm. In C. Day & D. Gurr (Eds.), Australia then and now (pp. 85-91). Risem Publishing.
Feder (2008) discusses that...
OR
...which is the most important factor (Feder, 2008).
Surname, Initial. (Ed.). (Year). Title of the book: Subtitle of the book. Publisher.
Feder, B. (Ed.). (2008). Iconic designs: 50 stories about 50 things. Bloomsludy Press.
According to the Board of Studies NSW (2003) Commerce should provide students with knowledge that helps them make wise decisions about consumer, financial, business, legal and employment issues.
OR
Studying Commerce provides students with knowledge that helps them make wise decisions about consumer, financial, business, legal and employment issues (Board of Studies NSW, 2003).
Corporation Name (Year). Title of the book: Subtitle of the book. Publisher.
NB: When a work's publisher and author are the same, omit the publisher in its reference entry.
Board of Studies NSW. (2003). Commerce Years 7-10 syllabus.
Marsh and Hart (2011) discuss how...
OR
...which is a part of student's natural landscape (Marsh & Hart, 2011).
Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of the book: Subtitle of the book (Number ed.). Publisher.
NB: An edition number is not required for a first edition
Marsh, C., & Hart, C. (2011). Teaching the social sciences and humanities in an Australian curriculum (6th ed.). Pearson Australia.
You may want to cite an author who is cited within the text you are reading e.g. if Kemmis quotes Young in his journal article and you want to refer to the idea from Young. If possible find the original source i.e. the book that Young wrote and use that as your reference. If this is not possible, because it is out of print, you are unable to locate it or it is only available in another language, then put the source you read in your reference list and refer to the cited author in your in-text reference.
Example:
Young's concept (as cited in Kemmis, 2014) considers the power relationships in action research
Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of the book: Subtitle of the book. Publisher.
Kemmis, S. (2014). Action research. Springer.